Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
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Nitty Gritty Dirt Band Biography
Founded in California during 1965, the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
has lasted longer than virtually any other country-based rock group of
their era. Younger contemporaries of the Byrds, they played an almost
equally important role in the transformation from folk-rock into
country-rock, and were an influence on such bands as the Eagles and
Alabama. The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band's beginnings lay with the New Coast
Two, a folk duo consisting of Jeff Hanna (guitar, vocals) and Bruce
Kunkel (guitar, washtub bass), formed while both were in high school in
the early '60s. By the time the two were college students, they were
having informal jams at a Santa Monica, CA, guitar shop called
McCabe's. It was there that they met Ralph Barr (guitar, washtub bass),
Les Thompson (vocals, mandolin, bass, guitar, banjo, percussion),
Jimmie Fadden (harmonica, vocals, drums, percussion), and Jackson
Browne (guitar, vocals). This lineup became the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
in late 1965, and began playing jug band music at local clubs. At that
time, Southern California was undergoing a musical renaissance,
courtesy of the folk-rock movement and the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band fit
in with these other folkies-turned-rockers. Browne left after a few
months to pursue a solo career, and was replaced by John McEuen (banjo,
fiddle, mandolin, steel guitar, vocals), the younger brother of the
group's new manager, Bill McEuen. With Bill McEuen's guidance, the
group landed a recording contract with Liberty Records and released
their debut album, The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, in April of 1967. Their
first single, Buy for Me the Rain, became a modest hit and got the
band some television appearances.
A second album, Ricochet, released seven months later, was a critical
success but a commercial failure. The group now found itself at an
impasse over the issue of whether to go electric. During the dispute,
Kunkel, who wanted to add an electric guitar to their sound, exited the
lineup. He was replaced by Chris Darrow (guitar, fiddle). Ironically,
by mid-1968 the group had gone electric, and also added drums to their
sound. Their first electric album, Rare Junk, released in June of 1968,
was also a commercial failure. The band was barely working, a far cry
from their success of a year earlier. The band persevered, however, and
released Alive! in May of 1969. The album was another commercial
disaster, and the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band closed up shop soon after.
The members scattered for several months, but six months later the
group was back for another try; the new lineup included McEuen, Hanna,
Fadden, Thompson, and Jim Ibbotson (guitars, accordion, drums,
percussion, piano, vocals). They returned to their record company with
a demand for control over their recordings and the record company
agreed. Bill McEuen became the group's producer as well as its manager.
The first result of this new era in the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band's
history was Uncle Charlie & His Dog Teddy, issued in 1970. Rooted
tightly in their jug band sound, the album had a country feel but no
trace of the vaudeville and novelty numbers that had appeared on their
earlier records. The album yielded what is the group's best-known
single, their cover of Jerry Jeff Walker's Mr. Bojangles, and
suddenly, the band had a following bigger than anything they'd known
during their brief bout of success in 1967. Their next album, All The
Good Times, released in early 1972, had an even more countrified feel.
By 1972, several rock bands, most notably the Byrds and the Beau
Brummels, had gone to Nashville seeking credibility from the country
music community there, only to be received poorly by that community and
to have their resulting work ignored by the press and public. At the
suggestion of manager Bill McEuen, however, the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band
went to Nashville in 1972 and recorded a selection of traditional
country numbers with the likes of Roy Acuff, Earl Scruggs, Mother
Maybelle Carter, and other members of country and bluegrass music's
veteran elite. Some of the veteran Nashville stars were skeptical and
suspicious at first of the bandmembers and their amplified instruments,
but the ice was broken when they saw how respectful the band was toward
them and their work, and their music, as well as how serious they were
about their own music. The resulting triple album, Will the Circle Be
Unbroken, released in January of 1973, became a million-seller and
elicited positive reviews from both the rock and country music press.
The band had, by now, eclipsed the competition as a crossover act,
reaching country and bluegrass audiences even as their rock listeners
acquired a new appreciation for musicians such as Acuff and Carter. The
Nitty Gritty Dirt Band succeeded with Will the Circle Be Unbroken
because they were willing to meet country and bluegrass music on the
terms of those two branches of traditional music, rather than as rock
musicians.
During the year and a half that followed the success of Will the Circle
Be Unbroken, Les Thompson left the group, reducing the Dirt Band to a
quartet. Their next album, Stars & Stripes Forever, issued in the
summer of 1974, was a peculiar live album, mixing concert performances
and dialogue. Following one more original album, Dream (1975), the
group received its first retrospective treatment, a triple-LP
compilation entitled Dirt, Silver & Gold, issued late in 1976. Jim
Ibbotson left the lineup at around this time, and was replaced
initially by session player Bob Carpenter. The remaining trio of Jeff
Hanna, John McEuen, and Jimmie Fadden shortened the band's official
name to the Dirt Band. In this incarnation, the group became a much
more mainstream, pop/rock outfit with a smoother sound, with Jeff Hanna
guiding them as producer. Their records were far less eccentric,
although they continued to be popular. The band's next albums were
decidedly more laid-back than previous records, and didn't attract
nearly as much attention. An American Dream, released in 1980, did
relatively well, as did Make a Little Magic (1981). By 1982, however,
they were back to their country roots, renamed the Nitty Gritty Dirt
Band, and Jim Ibbotson was playing with them again. Let's Go, released
in the middle of 1983, heralded their return to country music, as a
largely acoustic band. In 1984, after 17 years with Liberty/UA/Capitol,
they switched labels to Warner Bros., and that same year made some
headlines as the first American rock band to tour the Soviet Union.
Their Warner albums sold well, but by the end of the 1980s the group
was moving between labels.
In 1989, both as a reflection of the changing times, and as though to
make sure that everyone got the point that the band was once again
mining its country roots, they made Will the Circle Be Unbroken, Vol. 2
for MCA/Universal Records, reuniting with surviving country and
bluegrass veterans from the original album and adding a whole roster of
new players, including Johnny Cash, Chris Hillman, and Ricky Skaggs.
This album won the Grammy for Best Country Vocal Performance (duo or
group) and the Country Music Association's Album of the Year Award in
1989. By this time, the Dirt Band was working in their field alongside
any number of country/bluegrass crossover artists whose career paths
were made easier by that first record, including John Hiatt, Mary
Chapin Carpenter, and Rosanne Cash. Their next several albums saw them
never veering very far from their country/bluegrass roots. The group
continued to record a new album every year or so, including a concert
album, Live Two Five, celebrating their 25th anniversary as a band, and
the self-explanatory Acoustic. In 1999, they returned with Bang Bang
Bang. It was followed by the third installment of the Will the Circle Be Unbroken trilogy in 2002 and an album of all new material, Welcome to Woody Creek, in 2004. ~ Bruce Eder, All Music Guide
Written by Bruce Eder